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西安建大《Mater Res Bull》:无结合剂NiCoCu/石墨烯复合气凝胶,用于超级电容器

2026-02-09

1成果简介

 

        本文,西安建筑科技大学谢会东 教授团队在《Materials Research Bulletin》期刊发表名为“Binder-free NiCoCu/graphene aerogel electrodes for supercapacitors”的论文,研究通过采用三维氧化石墨烯水凝胶网络作为模板,原位吸附金属离子,整合了碳材料与赝电容材料的优势。利用模板辅助水热工艺,构建了自支撑的三元镍-钴-铜碱式碳酸盐/石墨烯气凝胶(NiCoCu/GA)复合材料。

        实验表明,该复合材料在1 mA·cm?²电流密度下展现出3448.8 mF·cm?²的高比表面电容,经15000次充放电循环后仍保持93.33%的电容值。独特的3D导电石墨烯骨架既提供了丰富的法拉第反应位点,又确保了高效的电子传输与结构稳定性。将NiCoCu/GA与活性炭组装为非对称超级电容器时,其在功率密度49.74 µW·cm?²下实现813.9 µWh·cm?²的能量密度,经10,000次循环后仍保持86.96%的容量。这项工作为克服超级电容器中平衡高电容与长循环寿命这一长期挑战提供了有效策略。
2图文导读 

 

 

图1. Schematic diagram of NiCoCu/GA synthesis.


 

图2. (a) XRD patterns and (b) FTIR spectra of NiCoCu/GA, NiCoMg/GA, NiCoAl/GA and GA.



 

图3. (a–c) SEM morphology of GA; (d–g) SEM morphology of NiCoCu/GA; (h) Elemental distribution mapping of NiCoCu/GA.

 

 

图4. XPS spectra of NiCoCu/GA: (a) Survey spectrum, high-resolution spectra of (b) C 1s, (c) Ni 2p, (d) Co 2p, (e) Cu 2p, (f) O 1s.

 

图5. (a–c) N2 adsorption/desorption isotherms, and (b) pore size distribution curves of NiCoCu/GA, NiCoMg/GA, and NiCoAl/GA.



 

图6. Electrochemical performance of the GA and GA composites: (a) CV curves at 20 mV·s?1, (b) GCD curves at 1 mA·cm?2, (c) Nyquist plots (insets: high-frequency region and equivalent circuit) (d) Rate capability, (e) Log(i, peak currents) vs. Log(v, scan rates) plots of NiCoCu/GA, (f) Capacitive contribution at 8 mV·s?1, (g) Normalized capacitive contribution at different scan rates, and (h) Cycling stability over 15,000 cycles at 10 mA·cm?2.


 

   图7. Electrochemical performance of the NiCoCu/GA//AC ASC. (a) Schematic diagram of the ASC device structure, (b) CV curves measured at 50 mV·s?1 in different potential windows, (c) CV curves collected at various scan rates from 10 to 50 mV·s?1, (d) GCD profiles recorded at different current densities, (e) Areal capacitance as a function of current density, (f) Ragone plot (areal energy density vs. power density) (g) Photographs demonstrating the powering of an LED bulb, (h) Cycling stability over 10,000 cycles at 10 mA·cm?2.
        3小结
        综上所述,通过模板辅助水热法成功合成了三维多孔NiCoCu/GA复合气凝胶。采用水合联氨对GO进行化学交联,获得rGO水凝胶前驱体。随后通过离子吸附将金属离子均匀引入石墨烯网络,经水热处理后形成坚固的三维多孔结构。该合成方法简便高效,所得自支撑气凝胶可直接裁切作为电极材料,极大简化了器件制备流程。通过系统性比较多种元素组合并优化金属硝酸盐的摩尔比,确定NiCoCu/GA复合材料具有最优电化学性能。具体而言,该复合材料在3M KOH溶液中以1mA·cm?²电流密度下实现3448.8mF·cm?²的高比表面电容,经15000次充放电循环后仍保持93.33%初始电容,展现出卓越的循环稳定性。此外,组装的NiCoCu/GA//AC非对称超级电容器(ASC)装置在功率密度49.74 µW·cm?²下实现了813.9 µWh·cm?²的面积能量密度,经10,000次循环后仍保持86.96%的电容保持率,证实其卓越的耐久性和实用性。总体而言,本研究通过多金属协同效应与三维导电网络原位集成,提出了一种提升电极材料综合电化学性能的有效策略。所开发的NiCoCu/GA体系为设计兼具高能量密度与长期循环稳定性的下一代储能器件开辟了前景广阔的途径。
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